Zhang, Rongyu, Menghang Dong, Yuan Zhang, Liang Heng, Xiaowei Chi, Gaole Dai, Li Du, Dan Wang, Yuan Du, and Shanghang Zhang. “MoLe-VLA: Dynamic Layer-Skipping Vision Language Action Model via Mixture-of-Layers for Efficient Robot Manipulation”. Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 40, no. 22 (March 14, 2026): 18764–18772. Accessed May 27, 2026. https://ojs.aaai.org/index.php/AAAI/article/view/38945.