Nakashima, Kodai, Hirokatsu Kataoka, Asato Matsumoto, Kenji Iwata, Nakamasa Inoue, and Yutaka Satoh. “Can Vision Transformers Learn Without Natural Images?”. Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 36, no. 2 (June 28, 2022): 1990–1998. Accessed May 28, 2026. https://ojs.aaai.org/index.php/AAAI/article/view/20094.