LLM4RSR: Large Language Models as Data Correctors for Robust Sequential Recommendation

Abstract

Sequential Recommenders (SRs) are trained to predict the next item as the target given its preceding items as the input, assuming every input-target pair is matched and is reliable for training. However, users can be induced by external distractions to click on items inconsistent with their true preferences, resulting in unreliable training instances with mismatched input-target pairs. To resist unreliable data, researchers attempt to develop Robust SRs (RSRs). However, our data analysis unveils that existing RSRs are data-driven. That is, for most instances formed by infrequently co-occurred items, existing RSRs are uncertain about their reliability. To fill this gap, we propose a generic framework -- LLM4RSR (Large Language Models for Robust Sequential Recommendation) to semantically complement data-driven RSRs by correcting uncertain instances into reliable ones based on LLMs' semantic comprehension of items beyond co-occurrence. In this way, RSRs can be re-trained with the corrected data for better accuracy. This is a selective knowledge distillation procedure, where the LLM acts as a teacher guiding student RSRs via uncertain instances. To align LLMs with the data correction task and mitigate inherent hallucinations, we equip the LLM with profile, plan, and memory modules, which are automatically optimized via textual gradient descent, eliminating the need for human effort and expertise. Experiments on four real-world datasets spanning eight backbones verify the generality, effectiveness, and efficiency of LLM4RSR.